{
"api": "v1",
"type": "Process",
"count": 24,
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
"attribution": "Data: OilProcessingHub, CC BY 4.0",
"entities": [
{
"id": "PRC-000001",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Seed Cleaning",
"slug": "/processes/cleaning/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Seed cleaning removes stones, soil, metal, stems, dust and immature seeds from oilseeds before any downstream step. Done properly it protects pressing worms and rollers from abrasive damage, improves ",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-03"
}
},
"rel": {
"uses": [
"/machines/pretreatment-machines/",
"/machines/conveying-machines/"
],
"part_of": "chain:edible-oil-processing"
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/cleaning/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000001",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000002",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Dehulling & Drying",
"slug": "/processes/dehulling/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Dehulling removes the fibrous hull from seeds like sunflower, groundnut and cottonseed before pressing, and drying/conditioning brings seed moisture into the pressing window (roughly 7–9% for most oil",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-03"
}
},
"rel": {
"uses": [
"/machines/pretreatment-machines/"
],
"part_of": "chain:edible-oil-processing"
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/dehulling/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000002",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000003",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Seed Roasting",
"slug": "/processes/roasting/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Roasting (cooking) heats oilseed before hot pressing so that cell walls rupture, proteins denature and oil viscosity falls — all of which let the press release more oil, faster. It also creates the to",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-03"
}
},
"rel": {
"uses": [
"/machines/pretreatment-machines/"
],
"part_of": "chain:edible-oil-processing"
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/roasting/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000003",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000004",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Oil Pressing (Mechanical Extraction)",
"slug": "/processes/pressing/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Mechanical pressing squeezes oil out of prepared oilseed with pressure — continuously in a screw press (the industry workhorse) or batch-wise in a hydraulic press. Yield depends more on preparation (m",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-03"
}
},
"rel": {
"uses": [
"/machines/oil-press-machines/"
],
"part_of": "chain:edible-oil-processing"
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/pressing/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000004",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000005",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Cold Pressing",
"slug": "/processes/cold-pressing/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Cold pressing extracts oil from raw, unroasted seed while keeping oil temperature low (commonly cited practice: below about 60°C at the outlet, some standards stricter). It preserves native flavor, co",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-03"
}
},
"rel": {
"uses": [
"/machines/oil-press-machines/"
],
"part_of": "chain:edible-oil-processing"
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/cold-pressing/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000005",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000006",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Crude Oil Filtering",
"slug": "/processes/filtering/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Fresh-pressed crude carries seed fines that must come out quickly: fines steep flavor and speed up rancidity if left in warm oil. Options run from simple settling tanks (slow, cheap) to plate filter p",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-03"
}
},
"rel": {
"uses": [
"/machines/filter-machines/"
],
"part_of": "chain:edible-oil-processing"
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/filtering/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000006",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000007",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Edible Oil Refining",
"slug": "/processes/refining/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Refining upgrades crude pressed or extracted oil into stable, neutral, retail-grade oil through staged removal of impurities: degumming takes out phospholipids, neutralization removes free fatty acids",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-03"
}
},
"rel": {
"uses": [
"/machines/refining-machines/"
],
"part_of": "chain:edible-oil-processing"
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/refining/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000007",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000008",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Filling & Packaging",
"slug": "/processes/filling/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Filling and packaging turn finished oil into a sellable, shelf-stable product. The two decisions that matter most: container choice (light and oxygen exposure drive rancidity — dark or opaque beats cl",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-03"
}
},
"rel": {
"uses": [
"/machines/filling-packaging-machines/",
"/machines/storage-machines/"
],
"part_of": "chain:edible-oil-processing"
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/filling/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000008",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000017",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "supporting",
"name": "Degumming",
"slug": "/processes/refining/degumming/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Degumming is the first refining stage: it removes phospholipids (\"gums\") from crude oil. Water degumming hydrates and separates the easy (hydratable) gums; acid degumming with citric or phosphoric aci",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-04"
}
},
"rel": {
"part_of": "/processes/refining/",
"uses": [
"/materials/refining-chemicals/",
"/materials/filter-aids/"
]
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/refining/degumming/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000017",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000018",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "supporting",
"name": "Neutralization (Deacidification)",
"slug": "/processes/refining/neutralization/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Neutralization (deacidification) removes free fatty acids (FFA) that make oil taste sharp, smoke early and oxidize fast. In chemical refining, caustic soda reacts with FFA to form soapstock, which a c",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-04"
}
},
"rel": {
"part_of": "/processes/refining/",
"uses": [
"/materials/refining-chemicals/"
]
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/refining/neutralization/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000018",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000019",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "supporting",
"name": "Bleaching",
"slug": "/processes/refining/bleaching/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Bleaching removes color pigments, trace metals, residual soaps and oxidation products from oil — not by chemical bleaching but by adsorption. Bleaching earth (sometimes with activated carbon) is stirr",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-04"
}
},
"rel": {
"part_of": "/processes/refining/",
"uses": [
"/materials/bleaching-earth/",
"/materials/activated-carbon/",
"/materials/filter-aids/"
]
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/refining/bleaching/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000019",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000020",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "supporting",
"name": "Deodorization",
"slug": "/processes/refining/deodorization/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Deodorization is the finishing stage of refining: high-temperature, high-vacuum steam stripping removes the volatile aldehydes, ketones and free fatty acids that carry odor and taste, leaving a bland,",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-04"
}
},
"rel": {
"part_of": "/processes/refining/",
"uses": [
"/materials/antioxidants/"
]
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/refining/deodorization/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000020",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000021",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "supporting",
"name": "Dewaxing (Winterization)",
"slug": "/processes/refining/dewaxing/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Dewaxing (winterization) removes the waxes present in oils such as sunflower, corn and rice bran that would otherwise cloud the oil at cool temperatures. The oil is chilled slowly so wax crystals form",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-04"
}
},
"rel": {
"part_of": "/processes/refining/",
"uses": [
"/materials/filter-aids/"
]
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/refining/dewaxing/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000021",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000030",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Seed Preparation",
"slug": "/processes/preparation/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Seed preparation is everything that happens to an oilseed between intake and the press or extractor — cleaning, cracking, Cracking breaks the whole oilseed into smaller pieces on cracking rolls — a pair (or stack) of fluted rolls that fracture the seed. Its purpose is to loosen the kernel from the hullFlaking passes cracked kernel between smooth flaking rolls to flatten it into thin flakes. This is the step that ruptures the oil cells and creates a large surface area, so",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-05"
}
},
"rel": {
"part_of": "/processes/preparation/",
"uses": [
"/machines/pretreatment-machines/"
]
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/preparation/flaking/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000032",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000033",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Conditioning (Cooking)",
"slug": "/processes/preparation/conditioning/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Conditioning (also called cooking) heats the flaked seed and adjusts its moisture before pressing. Controlled heat and moisture rupture more oil cells, lower the oil’s vi",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-05"
}
},
"rel": {
"part_of": "/processes/preparation/",
"uses": [
"/machines/pretreatment-machines/"
]
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/preparation/conditioning/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000033",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000034",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Screw (Expeller) Pressing",
"slug": "/processes/pressing/screw-pressing/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Screw pressing — also called expeller pressing — is the dominant mechanical way to extract oil. Prepared seed is fed into a barrel (cage) where a rotating worm (screw) of increasi",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-05"
}
},
"rel": {
"part_of": "/processes/pressing/",
"uses": [
"/machines/screw-press/"
]
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/pressing/screw-pressing/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000034",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000035",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Hydraulic Pressing",
"slug": "/processes/pressing/hydraulic-pressing/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Hydraulic pressing is the batch way to press oil: prepared seed is loaded into cages, cloths or a chamber, and a hydraulic ram squeezes the whole charge under high pressure until ",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-05"
}
},
"rel": {
"part_of": "/processes/pressing/",
"uses": [
"/machines/hydraulic-press/"
]
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/pressing/hydraulic-pressing/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000035",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000036",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Pre-Pressing",
"slug": "/processes/pressing/prepressing/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Pre-pressing is a partial screw-press step used on high-oil seeds in large plants. Instead of squeezing out as much oil as possible, the expeller is run gently to remove only part",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-05"
}
},
"rel": {
"part_of": "/processes/pressing/",
"uses": [
"/machines/screw-press/",
"/machines/solvent-extraction-machines/"
]
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/pressing/prepressing/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000036",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000037",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Solvent Extraction",
"slug": "/processes/solvent-extraction/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Solvent extraction is the highest-yield way to remove oil from oilseed: a food-grade hexane solvent is washed through prepared (usually flaked and often Desolventizing strips the hexane out of the solid meal after solvent extraction. In a desolventizer–toaster (DT), steam heats the hexa",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-05"
}
},
"rel": {
"part_of": "/processes/solvent-extraction/",
"uses": [
"/machines/solvent-extraction-machines/"
]
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/solvent-extraction/desolventizing/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000038",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000039",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Miscella Distillation",
"slug": "/processes/solvent-extraction/miscella-distillation/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Miscella distillation is how the oil is recovered from the miscella — the oil-in-hexane solution that drains from the ",
"src": "editorial",
"conf": "high",
"verified": "2026-07-05"
}
},
"rel": {
"part_of": "/processes/solvent-extraction/",
"uses": [
"/machines/solvent-extraction-machines/"
]
},
"url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/processes/solvent-extraction/miscella-distillation/",
"id_url": "https://oilprocessinghub.com/id/PRC-000039",
"license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
},
{
"id": "PRC-000040",
"type": "Process",
"tier": "core",
"name": "Solvent Recovery",
"slug": "/processes/solvent-extraction/solvent-recovery/",
"fields": {
"summary": {
"v": "Solvent recovery is the closed-loop system that captures the hexane evaporated during miscella distillation and